https://www.oaghandour.com/blogs daily 0.75 2026-05-23 https://www.oaghandour.com/blogs/ylaa55jxtxoszjvzqaeics288grr7s monthly 0.5 2026-05-23 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/b94c2583-368c-40e6-84ba-a184f28e22c0/Figure+1.png Blogs - Laser-based Scribing of CIGS Solar Cell Material Structures for Monolithic Module Integration - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/d8fc2063-e4d8-485f-8e25-2cdbc11bc491/Figure+2.png Blogs - Laser-based Scribing of CIGS Solar Cell Material Structures for Monolithic Module Integration - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/2a945c09-4d99-4a5b-9a2a-8da9328056c9/Table+1.png Blogs - Laser-based Scribing of CIGS Solar Cell Material Structures for Monolithic Module Integration - Make it stand out Table 1 Data on P3 scribes https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/f00e1fd1-bc6c-45ef-82f6-380a31c9b490/Figure+3.png Blogs - Laser-based Scribing of CIGS Solar Cell Material Structures for Monolithic Module Integration - Make it stand out Figure 3. 355 nm nanosecond laser P3 scribe1. Width: ~50 µm. Notice the strong melt splatter on the scribe edges and within the scribe. (a) Top-view SEM with EDS elemental map. (b) Top-view SEM. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/42865cc5-b66e-4560-8305-9c34aee9c324/Figure+4.png Blogs - Laser-based Scribing of CIGS Solar Cell Material Structures for Monolithic Module Integration - Make it stand out Figure 4. 1064 nm picosecond laser P3 scribe1. Width: ~45 µm. Notice the TCO fracture on the edge of the scribe, indicating that the scribe mechanism was mechanical. (a) Top-view SEM with EDS elemental map. (b) Cross-sectional SEM view https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/48c16493-986d-4fe7-8e6c-8e9a63d1f30b/Figure+5.png Blogs - Laser-based Scribing of CIGS Solar Cell Material Structures for Monolithic Module Integration - Make it stand out Figure 5. 1030 nm femtosecond laser P3 scribe1. Width: ~34 µm. Notice the slight CIGS melting on the edge of the scribe, indicating that the scribe mechanism was direct vaporization with some slight melt on the edge in a transition region less than 1 µm wide. (a) Top-view SEM with EDS elemental map. (b) Cross-sectional SEM view. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/bb864e27-f23a-4697-9af1-7332e7cb3d25/Table+II.png Blogs - Laser-based Scribing of CIGS Solar Cell Material Structures for Monolithic Module Integration - Make it stand out Table 2. Optical penetration depths of various solar cell layers https://www.oaghandour.com/blogs/blog-post-title-one-ygc5m monthly 0.5 2025-08-11 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/6532a1cb-48ff-4228-82e5-5c4ead4b7339/long-pulse-vs-short-pulse.png Blogs - The Effects of Laser Pulse Width on the Ablation of Materials - Make it stand out Comparison of the ns-ablation (left) and the fs-ablation (right) processes. In machining or surgery applications, the thermal effects in ns ablation can lead to a larger heat-affected zone, more collateral damage, and less precise machining compared to fs ablation. Inc.Ultrafast laser processing of materials: a review, Phillips et. al. , Vol. 7, No. 4 /December 2015 / Advances in Optics and Photonics. Figure used with permission from Clark-MXR https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/a82eea0c-7cd1-4e02-bc1d-e426f83bbb1f/LIBS.png Blogs - The Effects of Laser Pulse Width on the Ablation of Materials - Make it stand out Approximate timescale comparison of pulsed laser energy absorption and ablation, along with the various processes, for nanosecond laser (10 ns) and femtosecond laser (50 fs) ablation in an ambient gas. Figure sourced from High Energy and Short Pulse Lasers, Chapter on Effects of Different Laser Pulse Regimes (Nanosecond, Picosecond and Femtosecond) on the Ablation of Materials for Production of Nanoparticles in Liquid Solution, Written By Abubaker Hassan Hamad, 07 September 2016 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/0c425b3d-426a-43a6-be5f-5b1594406002/nitinol-stent-3-NKTPhotonics.jpg Blogs - The Effects of Laser Pulse Width on the Ablation of Materials - Nitinol stents micromachined with high precision using NKT Photonics’ femtosecond laser technology https://www.nktphotonics.com/applications/medical-life-science/laser-micromachining-of-nitinol-stents/ Nitinol stents micromachined with high precision using NKT Photonics’ femtosecond laser technology, https://www.nktphotonics.com/applications/medical-life-science/laser-micromachining-of-nitinol-stents/ https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/82504687-45d0-4151-94f4-32e043e3b4d9/GDI.jpeg Blogs - The Effects of Laser Pulse Width on the Ablation of Materials - An elliptical hole (a) and tapered holes (b) drilled with the femtosecond laser-based R drill demonstrate enhanced geometrical flexibility, Laser Focus World, Nov. 13, 2013, Lasers & Sources, PHOTONICS APPLIED: INDUSTRIAL LASERS: The hole story: Femtosecond manufacturing improves automobile fuel efficiency, Michael Mielke An elliptical hole (a) and tapered holes (b) drilled with the femtosecond laser-based R drill demonstrate enhanced geometrical flexibility, Laser Focus World, Nov. 13, 2013, Lasers & Sources, PHOTONICS APPLIED: INDUSTRIAL LASERS: The hole story: Femtosecond manufacturing improves automobile fuel efficiency, Michael Mielke https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/686960c6aacba05d8deca9e1/41c5935d-9b42-4f7d-bfe3-7485caba681b/Sillicon.jpeg Blogs - The Effects of Laser Pulse Width on the Ablation of Materials - Spiky, high-aspect-ratio, laser-induced periodic structures in silicon upon exposure to SF6 and fs- laser irradiation [85]. (b) Absorption enhancement due to black silicon light-trapping conical tips and hyperdoping. Hyperdoping leads to strong sub-bandgap absorption, and texturing leads to increased absorption across the spectrum. Ultrafast laser processing of materials: a review, Phillips et. al. , Vol. 7, No. 4 / December 2015 / Advances in Optics and Photonics) (a) Spiky, high-aspect-ratio, laser-induced periodic structures in silicon upon exposure to SF6 and fs-laser irradiation. (b) Absorption enhancement due to black silicon light-trapping conical tips and hyperdoping. Hyperdoping leads to strong sub-bandgap absorption, and texturing leads to increased absorption across the spectrum. 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